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Working in the oil field and loving to share knowledge.

How to Identify Stuck Pipe Mechanism

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When a stuck pipe situation  happens, personnel on the rig must correctly identify a stuck pipe mechanism.

Why is it so important to determine the mechanism of stuck pipe?

If you know the cause of stuck pipe, you will be able to free your pipe correctly. However, if you cannot correctly identify a root cause of stuck pipe, your drill string may be in the hole forever!!!

Many people in the oil field, including me, use the guidelines from the famous stuck pipe prevention book, named “TRUE,” which belongs to Amoco. It is extremely useful and so easy to understand.

This is the stuck pipe table.

How can you use the table?

  1. Select the situations that you see and circle all the figures in the same row.
  2. Add all figures for each column
  3. The highest score indicates the stuck pipe mechanism

Let’s see the example

Pipe motion prior to sticking? – The pip can be moved down before sticking = Move down (1, 0, 2)

Pipe motion after sticking? – The pipe has restriction while moving down= Down Restricted (1, 0, 2)

Pipe rotation after sticking? – The pipe can be rotated freely after sticking = Rotate Free (0, 0, 2)

Circulating pressure after sticking? – The circulation can be done without any pressure changes = Circulation Free (0, 2, 2)

Total score = (2,2,8)

The highest score is wellbore geometry; therefore, the most likely possible mechanism of stuck pipe is wellbore geometry.

Drilling formulas Stuck Pipe Prevention Book => Stuck Pipe Prevention Book  Stuck Pipe Prevention Book

Top 10 Oilfield Service Companies That You May Need To Join

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Working with service companies is the excellent opportunities to get good experience and good benefit. There are several oilfield service companies in the world and I would like to share the important information with you regarding Top 10 Oilfield Service Companies That You May Need To Join. These companies are very big and have unique expertise for oil field services such as drilling, oil field construction, oil well cementing, completion technology, formation evaluation, survey, directional drilling, solid control, drilling fluids, ect. You can take a look at each company and if you are interested in which one, you can go ahead and apply for the job positions.

10-top-10-oilfield-service-companies

1. Schlumberger: Schlumberger is the leading oilfield services provider, trusted to deliver superior results and improved E&P performance for oil and gas companies around the world. Through our well site operations and in our research and engineering facilities, we are working to develop products, services and solutions that optimize customer performance in a safe and environmentally sound manner.

Website: http://www.slb.com/

2. Halliburton: Founded in 1919, Halliburton is one of the world’s largest providers of products and services to the energy industry. With more than 60,000 employees in approximately 80 countries, the company serves the upstream oil and gas industry throughout the lifecycle of the reservoir – from locating hydrocarbons and managing geological data, to drilling and formation evaluation, well construction and completion, and optimizing production through the life of the field.

Website: http://www.halliburton.com

3. Transocean: Transocean, the world’s largest offshore drilling contractor, provides the most versatile fleet of mobile offshore drilling units to help customers find and develop oil and natural gas reserves. Building on more than 50 years of experience with the highest specification rigs, our 18,000 employees are focused on safety and premier offshore drilling performance.

Website: http://www.deepwater.com/

4. Saipem: Saipem is a large, international and one of the best balanced turnkey contractors in the oil & gas industry.Saipem has a strong bias towards oil and gas related activities in remote areas and deepwater and is a leader in the provision of engineering, procurement, project management and construction services with distinctive capabilities in the design and the execution of large-scale offshore and onshore projects, and technological competencies such as gas monetization and heavy oil exploitation.

Website: http://www.saipem.com

5. Baker Hughes and BJ Services Company (Baker already acquired BJ service): A top-tier oilfield service company with a century-long track record, Baker Hughes delivers solutions that help oil and gas operators make the most of their reservoirs.

Website: http://www.bakerhughes.com/

6. Weatherford: Weatherford International Ltd. (NYSE:WFT) is one of the largest global providers of products and services that span the drilling, evaluation, completion, production and intervention cycles of oil and natural gas wells. Weatherford is a new breed of service company—one that can provide the industry with extended products and services, more efficient operations, more powerful research and development capabilities and greater geographic diversity.

Website: http://www.weatherford.com/

7. Fluor: Fluor is a FORTUNE 500 company that delivers engineering, procurement, construction, maintenance (EPCM), and project management to governments and clients in diverse industries around the world. For nearly a century, clients have selected Fluor as their company of choice to complete challenging projects in remote parts of the world.

Website: http://www.fluor.com

8. Petrofac: Petrofac is the global oil & gas industry’s premier facilities and infrastructure provider, admired by customers and employees for delivering consistently and rewarding excellence.

Website: http://www.petrofac.com/

9. China Oilfield Services Ltd: China Oilfield Services Limited（“COSL” ）is the leading integrated oilfield services provider in the offshore China market. Its services cover each phase of offshore oil and gas exploration, development and production. Its four core business segments are geophysical services, drilling services, well services, marine support and transportation services. COSL has listed its H shares on the Main Board of the Stock Exchange of Hong Kong Limited “HKSE” since 20 November 2002 under the ticker 2883.

Website: http://www.cosl.com.cn/ens/

10. McDermott: McDermott is a leading engineering, procurement, construction and installation (“EPCI”) company focused on executing complex offshore oil and gas projects worldwide. Providing fully integrated EPCI services for upstream field developments, we deliver fixed and floating production facilities, pipelines and subsea systems from concept to commissioning.

Website: http://www.mcdermott.com/

 

How to Free Stuck Pipe Caused by Pack off / Bridging

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If you already know that the stuck pipe is caused by wellbore geometry, the following instructions are guidelines on how to free the stuck drill string.

 

What should you do to free the stuck pipe caused by Pack off / Bridging?

  • Circulate with low flow rate (300 – 400 psi pumping pressure). It is very important to apply low flow rate because if high flow rate is applied, the stuck situation becomes worse.
  • If the drill string gets stuck while moving up or with the string in static condition, jar down with maximum trip load and torque can be applied into drill string while jarring down. DO NOT JAR UP. Be cautious while applying torque, do not exceed make up torque.
  • On the other hand, if the drill string gets stuck while moving down, jar up with maximum trip load. DO NOT apply torque in the drill string while jarring up.
  • To free the string, jarring operation may take a long time (10 hours +) so please be patient.

What should you do after the string becomes free?

  • Increase flow rate and circulate to clean wellbore at maximum allowable flow rate. Flow rate must be more than cutting slip velocity in order to transport cuttings effectively.
  • Reciprocate and rotate while circulating to improve hole cleaning ability. Work the drill string with full stand if possible.
  • Ensure that the wellbore is clean prior to continuing the operation. You can see from the sale shaker whether the hole is clean or not.
  • Sweep may be utilized to improve hole cleaning.
  • Back ream or make a short trip through the area where it caused the stuck pipe issue.

Drilling formulas Stuck Pipe Prevention Book => Stuck Pipe Prevention Book  Stuck Pipe Prevention Book

Nontechnical Guide to Petroleum Geology, Exploration, Drilling and Production Book Review

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The Nontechnical Guide to Petroleum Geology, Exploration, Drilling and Production is the must book for someone who are nontechnical personnel or really new in the petroleum industry. There are several good points regarding this book as listed below:

 

• The author of this book, Dr Norman J. Hyne, explains complex subjects in the petroleum industry in very simple language. Moreover, what he wrote in the book covers all parts of petroleum starting from a geology phase to a production phase. You can see the table content of this book as listed below:

1. The Nature of Oil and Gas

2. The Earth’s Crust – Where We Find it

3. Identification of Common Rocks and Minerals

4. Geological Time

5. Deformation of Sedimentary Rocks

6. Sandstone Reservoir Rocks

7. Carbonate Reservoir Rocks

8. Sedimentary Rock Distribution

9. Mapping

10. Ocean Environment and Plate Tectonics

11. Source Rocks, Generation, Migration, and Accumulation of Petroleum

12. Petroleum Traps

13. Petroleum Exploration – Geological and Geochemical

14. Petroleum Exploration – Geophysical

15. Drilling Preliminaries

16. Drilling a Well – The Mechanics

17. Drilling Problems

18. Drilling Techniques

19. Testing a Well

20. Completing a Well

21. Surface Treatment and Storage

22. Offshore Drilling and Completion

23. Workover

24. Reservoir Mechanics

25. Petroleum Production

26. Reserves

27. Improved Oil Recovery

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How To Free Stuck Pipe Caused By Differential Sticking

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These following guidelines help you free stuck drill string caused by differential sticking.

 

The first action that you should do to free the stuck pipe caused by differential sticking.

  • Apply maximum flow rate as much as you can. High flow rate hopefully can wash the contact area so the effect of differential stuck is reduced.
  • Apply maximum allowable torque in the drill string and work down torque to the stuck depth. Torque in the string will improve chances of freeing the pipe.
  • Slack off weight of string to maximum sit down weight.
  • Jar down with maximum trip load. Torque may be applied by jarring down with caution. The chance of freeing the pipe by jarring down is more than jarring up. Please be patient when a hydraulic jar trips because it may take around 5 minutes each circle.

The secondary action to free the pipe that you may try

  • Reduce hydrostatic pressure by pumping low weight mud/pill. You must ensure that overall hydrostatic pressure is still able to control reservoir fluid to accidentally come into the wellbore.
  • Continue jarring down with maximum trip load and apply torque into drill string.
  • It may take a long time to free the pipe; therefore, personnel must be patient.

What should you do after the string becomes free?

  • Circulate at maximum allowable flow rate. Flow rate must be more than cutting slip velocity in order to transport cuttings effectively.
  • Reciprocate and work pipe while cleaning the hole. Ensure that you can work pipe with full stand or joint while circulating.
  • Condition mud prior to drilling ahead because if you still drill with poor mud properties, the differential sticking will be re-occurred.

Drilling formulas Stuck Pipe Prevention Book => Stuck Pipe Prevention Book  Stuck Pipe Prevention Book