This article will demonstrate a material balance equation in gas cap drive mechanism. First, we start with a full material balance equation.
Figure 1 – Full Material Balance Equation
Assumptions
Crude oil properties are important for us to understand what they mean and how they will affect us. The most commonly measured properties of crude oil are specific gravity or API gravity, viscosity, color, and odor.
This video training will teach you all basic information about crude oil properties so you will know and be able to quickly differentiate crude oil. Addtionally, we also provide you full video transcript which may help someone to effectively learn from this training material.
Material balance equation can be applied for any drive mechanism and this article demonstrates how to apply the material balance equation in a solution drive mechanism. For a solution drive mechanism, there are 2 cases. The first case is when reservoir pressure is above a bubble point and the second case is when reservoir pressure is below a bubble point.
Solution Gas above Bubble Point
Start with a full material balance equation.
Figure 1 – Full Material Balance Equation
Assumptions Continue reading
Material balance is a mathematic way to express mass conservation in a reservoir and a simple key principle is “what reservoir is produced must be replaced by other mass.”
Volume Produced = Volume Replaced
Volume Produced comes from Gas Production, Oil Production, and Water Production.
Volume Replaced comes from volume expansion, water in flux and water/gas injection.
Figure 1 shows the relationship of the material balance.
Figure 1 – Concept of Material Balance
Let’s take a look at each component of equation. Continue reading
Pumpjack (also known as donkey pumper, oil horse, pumping unit, nodding donkey, horsehead pump, beam pump, rocking horse, dinosaur, Big Texan, grasshopper pump, jack pump or thirsty birds) is overground drive for reciprocating the piston pump in oil well.
It’s used for mechanically lifting the liquid out of a well if there isn’t enough bottom hole pressure for liquid to flow to the surface. Commonly this arrangement is used for the onshore wells that don’t produce much oil. The pumpjacks are quite common in the oil rich areas.
Generally a pumpjack produces 5 – 40 liters of liquid with each stroke. It is often an emulsion of water and crude oil. Couple of factors on which the size of the pump is determined are the weight and the depth of oil that is to be removed. More power is required to move increased weight of discharge head (discharge column), in deeper extractions.
The rotary mechanism of motor is converted to vertical reciprocating motion by a pumpjack in order to drive pump shaft and it is exhibited in characteristic nodding motion. ‘Walking beam’ is the engineering term used for such a mechanism. This mechanism was often employed in the marine and stationary designs of steam engines in 18th and 19th century. Continue reading
